Abstract

Introduction

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections, particularly among older adults. The recent introduction of adult RSV vaccines in Türkiye necessitates an assessment of physicians’ knowledge and recommendation behaviors regarding this new vaccine. This study aimed to evaluate physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and early recommendation practices toward the RSV vaccine and to identify factors associated with vaccine recommendation.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey among 223 physicians across Türkiye using voluntary participation. Demographic characteristics, professional experience, and vaccination practices were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis.

Results

The mean knowledge score was 7.6 ± 2.1 (on an 11-point scale), indicating moderate awareness. Only 10.3% of participants had recommended the RSV vaccine in the past 3 months, reflecting limited early uptake, while 42.6% were aware of its licensure for adults aged ≥60 years. Knowledge scores were significantly higher among faculty members and infectious diseases specialists compared with general practitioners and other specialties (p = 0.019 and p = 0.011, respectively). In multivariable analysis, higher knowledge score remained an independent predictor of vaccine recommendation (adjusted odds ratio = 1.54, 95% confidence interval: 1.12–2.11; p = 0.007). The most frequently reported barriers included lack of knowledge (76.2%), limited accessibility (44.4%), and reimbursement concerns (40.8%).

Conclusion

Despite generally positive attitudes toward RSV vaccination, early recommendation of the newly introduced adult RSV vaccine by physicians was limited. Clearer clinical guidance and educational support may be necessary to improve its adoption in clinical practice in Türkiye.