Öz
Osteomiyelit büyük bir olasılıkla yaşam tarihindeki en eski tanımlanmış enfeksiyondur. Lokal doku zedelenmesine ikincil olarak, iskemi ve iskemiyle bağlantılı kronik yaralarla ya da kanda oluşan bir enfeksiyon yoluyla gelişebilir. Tıp dünyası tarafından uzun süredir bilinmesine rağmen, tedavisi zorlayıcıdır. İlgili antibiyotik tedavisi için mikrobiyal ajanın saptanması çok önemlidir. Bunun yanında, kültür ve histoloji için doku örnekleri de elde edilmelidir. Antibiyotik tedavisinin etkisini; biyofilm oluşumu, antibiyotiğe karşı direnç gelişimi veya spesifik virülans faktörleri zorlaştırabilmektedir. Son 20 yılda, osteomiyelit alanında geliştirilen başlıca antibiyotikler arasında brilasidin, seftarolin, seftobiprol, dalbavansin, daptomisin, tedizolid, telavansin ve tigesiklin sayılabilir. Geliştirilen pek çok antibiyotik ya henüz pazara sunulmamış, ya hala çalışmaları devam etmekte ya da sadece belli ülkelerde bulunmaktadır. Ancak önümüzdeki yıllarda bu antibiyotiklerin daha erişilebilir olması beklenmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Osteomyelitis, antibiotic therapy, new developments, hyperbaric oxygen, nemanoxacin
Kaynakça
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