Öz
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, kıyı, deniz ve nehir ağzı ortamlarında yaygın olarak görülen kavisli, çubuk şeklinde, Gram-olumsuz, halofilik bir bakteridir. İnsanlarda çiğ veya az pişmiş deniz ürünleri tüketimi, yara enfeksiyonu ve septisemi ile ilişkili akut gastroenterite neden olur. Toksinleri, tip 3 salgılama sistemi, tip 6 salgılama sistemi, adezinler, üre hidrolizi ve flagellar motilite gibi çok çeşitli virülans faktörleri, enfeksiyonu başlatmaktan ve konakçıda hastalığa neden olmaktan sorumludur. Küresel salgınlara neden olan pandemik klonların ortaya çıkması büyük bir endişe kaynağıdır. Ayrıca, V. parahaemolyticus, karides yetiştiriciliği endüstrisinin canlılığını tehdit eden akut hepatopankreatik nekroz hastalığı veya erken ölüm sendromuna neden olan bir karides patojeni olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, son yıllarda deniz ürünleri ve çevresel örneklerde çoklu ilaca dirençli V. parahaemolyticus suşlarının ortaya çıkması, deniz ürünleri güvenliği konusunda insan sağlığı açısından ciddi bir endişe yaratmaktadır. Bu derleme, V. parahaemolyticus’un çeşitli ülkelerde ve yeni ortaya çıkan iç su balıklandırma alanlarındaki prevalansını, bu patojenle ilişkili deniz ürünleri kaynaklı salgınları ve enfeksiyonu başlatmaktan ve konakçıda hastalığa neden olmaktan sorumlu çeşitli virülans faktörlerini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca son yıllardaki, deniz ürünleri ve çevre örneklerinde V. parahaemolyticus’un antibiyotik direnç profilleri hakkında güncel literatür sunmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Antibiyotik direnci, yaygınlık, deniz ürünleri, virülans, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Kaynakça
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