SARS-CoV-2’nin Yaygın Mutasyonlarının Coğrafi Dağılımı ve Olası Sonuçları
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DERLEME

SARS-CoV-2’nin Yaygın Mutasyonlarının Coğrafi Dağılımı ve Olası Sonuçları

Mediterr J Infect Microb Antimicrob 2021;10:15-15 DOI: 10.4274/mjima.galenos.2021.2021.15
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Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu Koronavirüs-2 (SARS-CoV-2), 2019 yılının aralık ayının sonunda Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nce 3 Ocak 2021’de bildirildiği üzere SARS-CoV-2, 83 milyondan fazla insanı enfekte ederken 1,8 milyondan fazla insanın da hayatını kaybetmesine sebep olmuştur. Genetik varyasyonların analizi, SARS-CoV-2 yayılma modelini anlamak için kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu derleme, bu mutasyonların kökenini, viral patogenezini ve mutasyon oranını analiz ederek SARS-CoV-2’nin yaygın mutasyonları hakkında bilgi toplamayı amaçlamıştır. Aynı zamanda, bu mutasyonların SARS-CoV-2 terapötiklerine karşı potansiyel etkilerini de incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu derlemede, Spike proteini (D614G, N501Y, E484K, A222V, S477N, G485R), ORF1ab (P323L, N628N, Y455Y, A97V, F106F), nükleokapsid protein (R203K, G204R), ORF8 (L84S) ve ORF3a (Q57H, G251V) mutasyonları, mevcut pandeminin başlangıcından güncel zamana kadar olan ilgili makaleler analiz edilerek incelenmiştir. Makalelerin ayrıntılı analizi, D614G’nin küresel olarak dağılan başlıca varyasyon olduğunu ve sıklığının mart ayının başlarından itibaren hızla arttığını ve ardından hem spike hem de farklı proteinlerdeki diğer birkaç varyasyonun geldiğini göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak, yeni yayılan N501Y ve E484K varyantlarının aşı etkinliği açısından endişe oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu Koronavirüs-2 varyasyonlarının araştırılması, SARS-CoV-2’ye karşı potansiyel etki mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasına ve böylece ona karşı terapötikler önerilmesine öncülük edebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: SARS-CoV-2, genomik varyasyonlar, SARS-CoV-2 mutasyonlarının etkileri, coğrafi dağılımı

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