Öz
Giriş: Staphylococcus aureus infeksiyonlarının patogenezinde biofilm oluşturma yeteneklerinin önemli rolü vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı metisilin duyarlı Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ve metisilin dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) izolatlarının biofilm oluşturma kapasitelerinin araştırılması ve antimicrobial direnç profilleri ile ilişkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 50 MRSA ve 50 MSSA izolatı dahil edildi. İzolatların antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları disk difüzyon yöntemi ile test edildi. İzolatların vankomisin ve teikoplanin için minimum inhibitör konsantrasyonları (MİK) sıvı mikrodilüsyon yöntemiyle biofilm oluşturma kapasiteleri Kongo Red Agar besiyeri kullanılarak değerlendirildi. icaA, icaD, IS256 and eno gen varlığı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemi ile araştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm MRSA ve MSSA izolatları vankomisin, teikoplanin, kloramfenikol ve linezolide duyarlı bulundu. İki MRSA ve 2 MSSA izolatının heterojen vankomisin orta dirençli S. aureus (hVISA) olduğu belirlendi. Biofilm oluşturma kapasiteleri bakımından MRSA ve MSSA izolatları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı. MSSA ve MRSA izolatlarının tamamında, eno ve icaD genlerinin varlığı saptandı. icaA geni ise tüm MRSA ve 49 MSSA izolatlarında gözlendi. IS256 geni 50 MRSA izolatının 35’inde saptanırken, MSSA izolatlarının hiçbirinde IS256 geni varlığı tespit edilmedi. IS256 pozitif MRSA izolatlarında IS256 negatif MRSA izolatlarına göre; amikasin, gentamisin, siprofloksasin, levofloksasin, rifampin, klindamisin ve tetrasiklin direnç oranları anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Benzer şekilde vankomisin ve teikoplanin ortalama MİK değerleri IS256 pozitif MRSA izolatlarında IS256 negatif MRSA izolatlarına göre anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu gözlendi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma IS256 gen varlığının antimikrobiyal dirençle özellikle de metisilin direnci ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Metisilin dirençli Staphylococcus aureus, metisilin duyarlı Staphylococcus aureus, antimikrobiyal duyarlılık, biofilm oluşumu
Kaynakça
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